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Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical compound primarily used in the manufacturing of various plastics. It is a colourless solid which is soluble in most common organic solvents, but has very poor solubility in water. [2] [7] BPA is produced on an industrial scale by the condensation reaction of phenol and acetone. Global production in 2022 was ...
Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether slowly hydrolyzes to 2,2-bis[4(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)phenyl)propane (bis-HPPP). Similarly, DGEBA reacts with acrylic acid to give vinyl ester resins. The reaction results in opening of the epoxide ring, generating unsaturated esters at each terminus of the molecule.
Exceptions include bisphenol S, P, and M. "Bisphenol" is a common name; the letter following denotes the variant, which depends on the additional substituents. Bisphenol A is the most popular representative of the group, with millions of metric tons produced globally in the past decade, often simply called "bisphenol".
The chlorine atom is released as sodium chloride (NaCl) and the hydrogen atom as water. Higher molecular weight diglycidyl ethers (n ≥ 1) are formed by the reaction of the bisphenol A diglycidyl ether formed with further bisphenol A, this is called prepolymerization: Synthesis of bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether with a high molar mass
Diglycidyl ether itself is extremely toxic, and can prove fatal or cause permanent damage if inhaled or consumed orally. As a class of compounds, there are a number of them available commercially with much lower toxicity profiles. [3] [4] One such example is epoxy resin itself Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether.
The main polycarbonate material is produced by the reaction of bisphenol A (BPA) and phosgene COCl 2. The overall reaction can be written as follows: The first step of the synthesis involves treatment of bisphenol A with sodium hydroxide, which deprotonates the hydroxyl groups of the bisphenol A. [6] (HOC 6 H 4) 2 CMe 2 + 2 NaOH → Na 2 (OC 6 ...
Ether groups allow a free rotation of the polymer chains. This leads to a significantly reduced melting point and also improves the mechanical properties by an increased impact strength . [ 7 ] The alkyl groups in bisphenol A act also as a flexible element.
Epichlorohydrin is mainly converted to bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, a building block in the manufacture of epoxy resins. [12] It is also a precursor to monomers for other resins and polymers. Another usage is the conversion to synthetic glycerol .