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  2. Great Oxidation Event - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Oxidation_Event

    The appearance of highly reactive free oxygen, which can oxidize organic compounds (especially genetic materials) and thus is toxic to the then-mostly anaerobic biosphere, may have caused the extinction/extirpation of many early organisms on Earth – mostly archaeal colonies that used retinal to use green-spectrum light energy and power a form ...

  3. Geological history of oxygen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geological_history_of_oxygen

    The increase in oxygen concentrations had wide ranging and significant impacts on Earth's biosphere. Most significantly, the rise of oxygen and the oxidative depletion of greenhouse gases (especially atmospheric methane ) due to the GOE led to an icehouse Earth that caused a mass extinction of anaerobic microbes , but paved the way for the ...

  4. Oxygen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen

    The common allotrope of elemental oxygen on Earth is called dioxygen, O 2, the major part of the Earth's atmospheric oxygen (see Occurrence). O 2 has a bond length of 121 pm and a bond energy of 498 kJ/mol. [42] O 2 is used by complex forms of life, such as animals, in cellular respiration. Other aspects of O

  5. Microbiology of oxygen minimum zones - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbiology_of_oxygen...

    Under these oxygen-starved conditions, energy is diverted from higher trophic levels to microbial communities that have evolved to use other biogeochemical species instead of oxygen, these species include nitrate, nitrite, sulphate etc. [3] Several Bacteria and Archea have adapted to live in these environments by using these alternate chemical ...

  6. Life - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life

    For example, the release of molecular oxygen by cyanobacteria as a by-product of photosynthesis induced global changes in the Earth's environment. Because oxygen was toxic to most life on Earth at the time, this posed novel evolutionary challenges, and ultimately resulted in the formation of Earth's major animal and plant species.

  7. Aerobic organism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerobic_organism

    3: Facultative anaerobes can grow with or without oxygen because they can metabolise energy aerobically or anaerobically. They gather mostly at the top because aerobic respiration generates more ATP than either fermentation or anaerobic respiration. 4: Microaerophiles need oxygen because they cannot ferment or respire anaerobically. However ...

  8. A New Kind of Battery—Oxygen-Ion—Could Change Energy - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/kind-battery-oxygen-ion...

    It’s incredibly rechargeable, made from safe materials, and—get this—not going to catch on fire.

  9. Oxygen evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_evolution

    Photosynthetic oxygen evolution is the fundamental process by which oxygen is generated in the earth's biosphere. The reaction is part of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis in cyanobacteria and the chloroplasts of green algae and plants. It utilizes the energy of light to split a water molecule into its protons and electrons for ...