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The 1st century BC, also known as the last century BC and the last century BCE, started on the first day of 100 BC and ended on the last day of 1 BC. The AD/BC notation does not use a year zero ; however, astronomical year numbering does use a zero, as well as a minus sign, so "2 BC" is equal to "year –1".
The Scythians – the Greeks' name for this nomadic people – inhabited Scythia from at least the 11th century BC to the 2nd century AD. [79] Its location and extent varied over time but usually extended farther to the west than is indicated on the map opposite.
The Seleucids reclaimed the area the following century, holding it until the mid-first 2nd century BC. Under their rule, the Phoenicians were allowed a considerable degree of autonomy and self-governance. During the Seleucid Dynastic Wars (157–63 BC), the Phoenician cities were mainly self-governed. Many of them were fought for or over by the ...
Territories of Cisalpine Gaul (highlighted in transparent red) between the end of the 2nd century BC and the beginning of the 1st century BC. Having established an effective dominion over the Italian peninsula, [52] and on the strength of its military reputation, [53] Rome was able to start looking at expanding outside the Italian peninsula.
Hagamasha, Satrap (late 1st century BC) Hagana, Satrap (late 1st century BC) Shunga Empire (complete list) – Devabhuti, Emperor (83–73 BC) Pakistan. Apracharajas (complete list) – Indravarman, Raja (1st century BC) Vijayamitra, Raja (12 BC–15 AD) Sri Lanka. Anuradhapura Kingdom (complete list) – Pulahatta, King (103–100 BC) Bahiya ...
3rd century BC – 1st century AD: Europe: Balkans Brigantia: Tribal kingdom: 700 BC – c. 2nd AD: Europe: British Isles Catuvellauni: Verulamium: Tribal kingdom/client: 550 BC – 51 AD: Europe: British Isles Caledonia: Tribal confederacy: 650 BC – 1st century AD: Europe: British Isles Connacht: Tribal chiefdom/kingdom: c. 10th century BC ...
Kourion, located on the Southern coast of Cyprus and protected by cliffs on the north and east, was a walled acropolis with a necropolis to the southeast, and a well-preserved stadium and the sanctuary of Apollo Hylates in the west. However, it is said to have made "no palpable impact upon the Roman world of its day". [75]
The first campaign, in 492 BC, was led by Darius's son-in-law Mardonius, [78] who re-subjugated Thrace, which had nominally been part of the Persian empire since 513 BC. [79] Mardonius was also able to force Macedon to become a fully subordinate client kingdom of Persia; it had previously been a vassal , but retained a broad degree of autonomy.