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The value of LD 50 for a substance is the dose required to kill half the members of a tested population after a specified test duration. LD 50 figures are frequently used as a general indicator of a substance's acute toxicity. A lower LD 50 is indicative of higher toxicity. The term LD 50 is generally attributed to John William Trevan. [2]
The lowest lethal dose (LD Lo) is the least amount of drug that can produce death in a given animal species under controlled conditions. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] The dosage is given per unit of bodyweight (typically stated in milligrams per kilogram ) of a substance known to have resulted in fatality in a particular species.
Antipsychotics by class Generic name Brand names Chemical class ATC code Typical antipsychotics; Acepromazine: Atravet, Acezine: phenothiazine: N05AA04
It is desirous for the value of LD 50 to be as large as possible, to decrease risk of lethal effects and increase the therapeutic window. In the above formula, TI safety increases as the difference between LD 50 and ED 50 increases—hence, a higher safety-based therapeutic index indicates a larger therapeutic window, and vice versa.
Any chemical substance with biological activity may be considered a drug. This list categorises drugs alphabetically and also by other categorisations. This multi-page article lists pharmaceutical drugs alphabetically by name. Many drugs have more than one name and, therefore, the same drug may be listed more than once.
This is the list of Schedule V controlled substances in the United States as defined by the Controlled Substances Act. [1] The following findings are required for substances to be placed in this schedule: [2] The drug or other substance has a low potential for abuse relative to the drugs or other substances in schedule IV.
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The ED50 is commonly used as a measure of the reasonable expectancy of a drug effect, but does not necessarily represent the dose that a clinician might use. This depends on the need for the effect, and also the toxicity. The toxicity and even the lethality of a drug can be quantified by the TD 50 and LD 50 respectively. Ideally, the effective ...