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Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. [1] It is a physical science within the natural sciences that studies the chemical elements that make up matter and compounds made of atoms, molecules and ions: their composition, structure, properties, behavior and the changes they undergo during reactions with other substances.
He defined the peroxide effect, explaining how an anti-Markovnikov orientation could be achieved via free radical addition. [1] Kharasch was born in the Russian Empire in 1895 and immigrated to the United States at the age of 13. In 1919, he completed his Ph.D. in chemistry at the University of Chicago and spent most of his professional career ...
Tropolone is an organic compound with the chemical formula C 7 H 5 (OH)O.It is a pale yellow solid that is soluble in organic solvents. The compound has been of interest to research chemists because of its unusual electronic structure and its role as a ligand precursor.
For example, if one tried to demonstrate it using the hydrocarbons decane (C 10 H 22) and undecane (C 11 H 24), one would find that 100 grams of carbon could react with 18.46 grams of hydrogen to produce decane or with 18.31 grams of hydrogen to produce undecane, for a ratio of hydrogen masses of 121:120, which is hardly a ratio of "small ...
The law of reciprocal proportions, also called law of equivalent proportions or law of permanent ratios, is one of the basic laws of stoichiometry.. It relates the proportions in which elements combine across a number of different elements.
The free radicals generated by this process engage in secondary reactions. For example, the hydroxyl is a powerful, non-selective oxidant. [6] Oxidation of an organic compound by Fenton's reagent is rapid and exothermic and results in the oxidation of contaminants to primarily carbon dioxide and water.
Morphine. Synthesis of morphine-like alkaloids in chemistry describes the total synthesis of the natural morphinan class of alkaloids that includes codeine, morphine, oripavine, and thebaine and the closely related semisynthetic analogs methorphan, buprenorphine, hydromorphone, hydrocodone, isocodeine, naltrexone, nalbuphine, oxymorphone, oxycodone, and naloxone.
Sodium metaborate is a chemical compound of sodium, boron, and oxygen with formula NaBO 2. [3] However, the metaborate ion is trimeric in the anhydrous solid, therefore a more correct formula is Na 3 B 3 O 6 or (Na +) 3 [B 3 O 6] 3−.