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To understand the process, it is helpful to understand interference and diffraction. Interference occurs when one or more wavefronts are superimposed. Diffraction occurs when a wavefront encounters an object. The process of producing a holographic reconstruction is explained below purely in terms of interference and diffraction.
Diffraction occurs when a wavefront encounters an object. The process of producing a holographic reconstruction is explained below purely in terms of interference and diffraction. It is somewhat simplified but is accurate enough to give an understanding of how the holographic process works.
Holographic optical element (HOE) is an optical component (mirror, lens, directional diffuser, etc.) that produces holographic images using principles of diffraction.HOE is most commonly used in transparent displays, 3D imaging, and certain scanning technologies.
Nevertheless, the lower limit over the grating spacing is one order of magnitude smaller than the latter. Their availability, low cost, and versatility opened the path for their use in a various range of applications such as data storage, [3] holographic display [4] [5] and in general, as holographic optical components. [1] [6] [7]
Since its introduction, vibrometry by holographic interferometry has become commonplace. Powell and Stetson have shown that the fringes of the time-averaged hologram of a vibrating object correspond to the zeros of the Bessel function (), where (,) is the modulation depth of the phase modulation of the optical field at , on the object. [1]
Holographic lenses are made from a hologram of a conventional lens. [12] It is flat, and present any drawbacks of the original lens (aberrations), plus the drawbacks of the hologram (diffraction). The hologram of a mathematical lens [ clarification needed ] is flat, and it has the properties of the mathematical lens, but it has the drawbacks of ...
Examples of iridescence include soap bubbles, feathers, butterfly wings and seashell nacre, and minerals such as opal. Pearlescence is a related effect where some or most of the reflected light is white. The term pearlescent is used to describe certain paint finishes, usually in the automotive industry, which actually produce iridescent effects.
Digital holography is the acquisition and processing of holograms with a digital sensor array, [1] [2] typically a CCD camera or a similar device. Image rendering, or reconstruction of object data is performed numerically from digitized interferograms.