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Applying spectral Doppler to the renal artery and selected interlobular arteries, peak systolic velocities, resistive index, and acceleration curves can be estimated (Figure 4) (e.g., peak systolic velocity of the renal artery above 180 cm/s is a predictor of renal artery stenosis of more than 60%, and a resistive index, which is a calculated ...
A Doppler ultrasound blood flow detector, commonly called Doppler wand or Doppler probe, and a sphygmomanometer (blood pressure cuff) are usually needed. The blood pressure cuff is inflated proximal to the artery in question. Measured by the Doppler wand, the inflation continues until the pulse in the artery ceases.
Pseudonormalisation shows a transmitral profile that appears normal. However, with the use of pulmonary vein pulsed wave Doppler, it can be shown that the relaxation pattern is abnormal (systolic blunting, a decrease in the height of the S wave). In addition, performance of a Valsalva manoeuvre will result in unmasking of the pseudonormal state.
Wave intensity analysis was developed at an era when intra-arterial pressure and velocity waveforms were measured most commonly in the clinic. Other methods of clinical measurements have emerged (e.g. ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging) and wave intensity analysis has been recast in terms of the parameters that are measured.
The arterial resistivity index (also called as Resistance index, abbreviated as RI), developed by Léandre Pourcelot , is a measure of pulsatile blood flow that reflects the resistance to blood flow caused by microvascular bed distal to the site of measurement.
Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is the velocity at which the blood pressure pulse propagates through the circulatory system, usually an artery or a combined length of arteries. [1] PWV is used clinically as a measure of arterial stiffness and can be readily measured non-invasively in humans, with measurement of carotid to femoral PWV (cfPWV) being ...
Pulse Decomposition Analysis (PDA), which is a pulse contour analysis approach, [18] is based on the concept that five individual component pulses constitute the peripheral arterial pressure pulse of the upper body. These component pulses are due to the left ventricular ejection and the reflections and re-reflections of the first component ...
In the innominate artery, the average reading is 110/70 mmHg, the right subclavian artery averages 120/80 and the abdominal aorta is 110/70 mmHg. [25] The relatively uniform pressure in the arteries indicate that these blood vessels act as a pressure reservoir for fluids that are transported within them.