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Thyroxine 5-deiodinase also known as type III iodothyronine deiodinase (EC number 1.21.99.3) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DIO3 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Iodothyronine deiodinases (EC 1.21.99.4 and EC 1.21.99.3) are a subfamily of deiodinase enzymes important in the activation and deactivation of thyroid hormones. Thyroxine (T 4), the precursor of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T 3) is transformed into T 3 by deiodinase activity.
Three related isoforms, deiodinase type I, II, and III, contribute to activation and inactivation of the initially released hormone precursor T 4 into T 3 (triiodothyronine) or rT 3 (reverse triiodothyronine) in target cells. The enzymes catalyze a reductive elimination of iodine (the different isoforms attack different thyronine positions ...
This receptor-corepressor-DNA complex can block gene transcription. Triiodothyronine (T 3), which is the active form of thyroxine (T 4), goes on to bind to receptors. The deiodinase catalyzed reaction removes an iodine atom from the 5′ position of the outer aromatic ring of thyroxine's (T 4) structure. [64]
The decreased clearance is possibly from lower thyroxine 5-deiodinase activity in the peripheral tissue or decreased liver uptake of rT 3. [2] In addition, increased rT 3 concentrations result from upregulated thyroxine 5-deiodinase activity in critical illness, starvation and fetal life.
T 3 is the more metabolically active hormone produced from T 4.T 4 is deiodinated by three deiodinase enzymes to produce the more-active triiodothyronine: . Type I present in liver, kidney, thyroid, and (to a lesser extent) pituitary; it accounts for 80% of the deiodination of T 4.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the iodothyronine deiodinase family. It activates thyroid hormone by converting the prohormone thyroxine (T 4) by outer ring deiodination (ORD) to bioactive 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T 3).
Thyroxine deiodinase may refer to: Iodothyronine deiodinase; Thyroxine 5-deiodinase This page was last edited on 20 October 2024, at 09:40 (UTC). Text is available ...