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Ancient Greek grammar is morphologically ... the first consonant of the verb's root is ... I have written", λῡ́ω, λέλυκα (lū́ō, léluka) "I free, ...
Ancient Greek verbs can be divided into two groups, the thematic (in which a thematic vowel /e/ or /o/ is added before the ending, e.g. λύ-ο-μεν (lú-o-men) "we free"), and the athematic (in which the endings are attached directly to the stem, e.g. ἐσ-μέν (es-mén) "we are". [20]
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The Ancient Greek infinitive is a non-finite verb form, sometimes called a verb mood, with no endings for person or number, but it is (unlike in Modern English) inflected for tense and voice (for a general introduction in the grammatical formation and the morphology of the Ancient Greek infinitive see here and for further information see these tables).
The subjunctive mood (Greek ὑποτακτική (hupotaktikḗ) "for arranging underneath", from ὑποτάσσω (hupotássō) "I arrange beneath") along with the indicative, optative, and imperative, is one of the four moods of the Ancient Greek verb. It can be used both in the meaning "should" (the jussive subjunctive) and in the meaning ...
The Ancient Greek genitive can often be translated with the preposition "of" or the English possessive case: ἡ τοῦ Καίσαρος γυνή. [4] hē toû Kaísaros gunḗ. "The wife of Caesar." It is also used after prepositions, especially those which mean "from": ἀπῆλθεν ἐκ τῆς ἀγορᾶς. [5] apêlthen ek tês agorâs.
A common idiom in Ancient Greek is for the protasis of a conditional clause to be replaced by a relative clause. (For example, "whoever saw it would be amazed" = "if anyone saw it, they would be amazed.") Such sentences are known as "conditional relative clauses", and they follow the same grammar as ordinary conditionals. [77]
The Ancient Greek participle is a non-finite nominal verb form declined for gender, number and case (thus, it is a verbal adjective) and has many functions in Ancient Greek. It can be active , middle or passive and can be used in the present , future , aorist and perfect tense; these tenses normally represent not absolute time but only time ...