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An endometrial polyp or uterine polyp is a mass in the inner lining of the uterus. [1] They may have a large flat base or be attached to the uterus by an elongated pedicle (pedunculated). [2] [3] Pedunculated polyps are more common than sessile ones. [4] They range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters. [3]
Endometrial: Endometrial causes of abnormal bleeding include infection of the endometrium, endometritis, which may occur after a miscarriage (spontaneous abortion) or a delivery, or may be related to a sexually-transmitted infection of the uterus, fallopian tubes or pelvis generally termed pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Other endometrial ...
A hysterectomy or other pelvic surgery can be a cause, [4] as can chronic constipation and straining to pass bowel movements. It is more common in older women than in younger ones; estrogen which helps to keep the pelvic tissues elastic decreases after menopause. [medical citation needed]
Additionally, hematometra may develop as a complication of uterine or cervical surgery such as endometrial ablation, where scar tissue in the endometrium can "wall off" sections of endometrial glands and stroma causing blood to accumulate in the uterine cavity. [1] It can also develop after abortion, [4] as well as after childbirth.
Cancer of the uterus is always a concern, specifically when the bleeding occurs after menopause. Other types of cancer include cervical cancer; bleeding in that case can sometimes be triggered by postcoital bleeding. Cancers of the vagina or fallopian tubes are rare causes of hemorrhage.
Chronic endometritis is more common after menopause. [2] The diagnosis may be confirmed by endometrial biopsy. [3] Ultrasound may be useful to verify that there is no retained tissue within the uterus. [4] Treatment is usually with antibiotics. [1] Recommendations for treatment of endometritis following delivery includes clindamycin with ...