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Abdominal muscles cover the anterior and lateral abdominal region and meet at the anterior midline. These muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall can be divided into four groups: the external obliques , the internal obliques , the transversus abdominis , and the rectus abdominis .
The anterior cutaneous branch ("hypogastric branch") continues onward between the abdominal internal oblique and transverse muscles.. It then pierces the internal oblique, becomes cutaneous by perforating the aponeurosis of the external oblique about 2.5 cm above the subcutaneous inguinal ring, and is distributed to the skin of the hypogastric region.
Anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES) is a nerve entrapment condition that causes chronic pain of the abdominal wall. [1] It occurs when nerve endings of the lower thoracic intercostal nerves (7–12) are 'entrapped' in abdominal muscles, causing a severe localized nerve (neuropathic) pain that is usually experienced at the front of the abdomen.
The external oblique is situated on the lateral and anterior parts of the abdomen. It is broad, thin, and irregularly quadrilateral, its muscular portion occupying the side, its aponeurosis the anterior wall of the abdomen. In most humans, the oblique is not visible, due to subcutaneous fat deposits and the small size of the muscle.
In anatomy, the abdominal wall represents the boundaries of the abdominal cavity.The abdominal wall is split into the anterolateral and posterior walls. [1]There is a common set of layers covering and forming all the walls: the deepest being the visceral peritoneum, which covers many of the abdominal organs (most of the large and small intestines, for example), and the parietal peritoneum ...
The transversalis fascia (or transverse fascia) is the fascial lining of the anterolateral abdominal wall [1] [2] situated between the inner surface of the transverse abdominal muscle, and the preperitoneal fascia. [3] [2] It is directly continuous with the iliac fascia, [2] the internal spermatic fascia, [citation needed] and pelvic fascia. [2]
It needs to be distinguished from the lateral border of the rectus abdominis muscle sheath which is often wrongly described as semilunar line. The lateral border of the rectus sheath is part of the recently described EIT ambivium to more precisely describe this important part of the anterior abdominal wall. [1]
The inguinal ligament runs from the anterior superior iliac crest of the ilium to the pubic tubercle of the pubic bone. It is formed by the external abdominal oblique aponeurosis and is continuous with the fascia lata of the thigh. There is some dispute over the attachments. [3] Structures that pass deep to the inguinal ligament include: