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  2. Visual flight rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_flight_rules

    VFR requires a pilot to be able to see outside the cockpit to control the aircraft's altitude, navigate, and avoid obstacles and other aircraft. [3] Governing agencies establish specific requirements for VFR flight, including minimum visibility, and distance from clouds, to ensure that aircraft operating under VFR are visible from enough distance to ensure safety.

  3. List of transponder codes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Transponder_Codes

    Visual flight rules (VFR) flight standard squawk code used in North American airspace when no other has been assigned or is applicable. [7] [3] 1201 US: Assigned via FAR 93.95 for use by VFR aircraft in the immediate vicinity of LAX. [3] US (Visual flight rules (VFR) glider operations for gliders not in contact with ATC, through February 2012 ...

  4. Airspace class (United States) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspace_class_(United_States)

    The aircraft must be equipped with a two-way radio and an operating Mode C (altitude reporting) radar transponder, furthermore aircraft overflying above the upper limit of class C airspace upward to 10,000 feet MSL must have an operating Mode C transponder. VFR flights in class C airspace must have three miles (5 km) of visibility, and fly an ...

  5. Transponder (aeronautics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transponder_(aeronautics)

    In this example, the transponder code selected is 1200 for VFR flight (in North American airspace). The green IDENT button is marked "ID". The green IDENT button is marked "ID". A transponder (short for trans mitter-res ponder [ 1 ] and sometimes abbreviated to XPDR, [ 2 ] XPNDR, [ 3 ] TPDR [ 4 ] or TP [ 5 ] ) is an electronic device that ...

  6. Visual meteorological conditions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_meteorological...

    VFR / VMC visibility requirements in the US. In aviation, visual meteorological conditions (VMC) is an aviation flight category in which visual flight rules (VFR) flight is permitted—that is, conditions in which pilots have sufficient visibility to fly the aircraft maintaining visual separation from terrain and other aircraft.

  7. List of Class C airports in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Class_C_airports...

    Class C is a class of airspace in the United States which follows International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) air space designation. Class C airspace areas are designed to improve aviation safety by reducing the risk of mid-air collisions in the terminal area and enhance the management of air traffic operations therein. [1]

  8. Instrument flight rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrument_flight_rules

    Although dangerous and illegal, a certain amount of VFR flying is conducted in IMC. A scenario is a VFR pilot taking off in VMC conditions, but encountering deteriorating visibility while en route. Continued VFR flight into IMC can lead to spatial disorientation of the pilot which is the cause of a significant number of general aviation crashes ...

  9. Special visual flight rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_visual_flight_rules

    It usually happens when the aircraft is inside controlled airspace, and the local weather is less than the minimums required for flight under visual flight rules (VFR) within the airspace in question. [5] Note that an aircraft might be able to fly under SVFR even in Class A airspace, where instrument flight rules (IFR) flight is the norm. [6]