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In psychology, trait theory (also called dispositional theory) is an approach to the study of human personality. Trait theorists are primarily interested in the measurement of traits , which can be defined as habitual patterns of behavior, thought , and emotion . [ 1 ]
Allport contributed to the trait theory of personality, and is known as a "trait" psychologist. He opposed the idea that people can be classified according to a small number of trait dimensions, arguing that each person is unique and distinguished by particular traits. [15]
Personality traits are important because personality traits exist. The field of personality psychology gained attention when Allport had his assistant, Henry Odbert , counted how many different words in the English dictionary could be used to describe differences in personality.
Personality is complex; a typical theory of personality contains several propositions or sub-theories, often growing over time as more psychologists explore the theory. [ 10 ] The most widely accepted empirical model of durable, universal personality descriptors is the system of Big Five personality traits : conscientiousness , agreeableness ...
Although trait theories of personality are currently the most dominant theories in the personality literature, it was the Greek philosopher Aristotle who first wrote about traits (dispositions) such as being brave, or modest. [1]
The basic premise of the Contact Hypothesis (also called Intergroup Contact Theory) formulated by Gordon Allport is that prejudice often stems from ignorance and stereotyping, and interpersonal contact under appropriate circumstances can break down such stereotypes and reduce prejudice. [3]
Here the subject is seen as an exemplar of a population and their corresponding personality traits and behaviours. It is widely held that the terms idiographic and nomothetic were introduced to American psychology by Gordon Allport in 1937, but Hugo Münsterberg used them in his 1898 presidential address at the American Psychological ...
An example of trait psychology development (stages): Singling out the types of love as psychology of traits. In the Antique time the typology of the kinds of love was very popular, these comprised: Eros – a passionate physical and emotional love based on aesthetic enjoyment; stereotype of romantic love