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Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrially inherited (transmitted from mother to offspring) degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons that leads to an acute or subacute loss of central vision; it predominantly affects adult males, and onset is more likely in younger adults.
Behr syndrome is characterized by the association of early-onset optic atrophy with spinocerebellar degeneration resulting in ataxia, pyramidal signs, peripheral neuropathy and developmental delay. [1] [2] Although it is an autosomal recessive disorder, heterozygotes may still manifest much attenuated symptoms. [3]
(H47.2) Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy — genetic disorder; loss of central vision,. (H47.3) Optic disc drusen — globules progressively calcify in the optic disc, compressing the vascularization and optic nerve fibers
MELAS (Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like episodes) is one of the family of mitochondrial diseases, which also include MIDD (maternally inherited diabetes and deafness), MERRF syndrome, and Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. It was first characterized under this name in 1984. [2]
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is the most frequently occurring mitochondrial disease, and this inherited form of acute or subacute vision loss predominantly affects young males. LHON usually presents with rapid vision loss in one eye followed by involvement of the second eye (usually within months).
Between 1992 and 1993, in the Cuban Epidemic of Optic Neuropathy, nearly 50,000 people in Cuba were affected with optic neuropathy, sensory and autonomic peripheral neuropathy, neural deafness, and in a few cases, myelopathy. [15] [16] The most common pattern of symptoms consisted of severe weight loss, fatigue and a subacute loss of vision.
LCA was first described by Theodor Leber in the 19th century. [3] [4] It should not be confused with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, which is a different disease also described by Theodor Leber. One form of LCA was successfully treated with gene therapy in 2008. [5] [6] [7] [8]
Generally, diseases outlined within the ICD-10 codes H46-H48 within Chapter VII: Diseases of the eye, adnexa should be included in this category. Pages in category "Disorders of optic nerve and visual pathways"