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In the 1950s a 5-element system (Russian: Государственный Стандарт "State standard" ГОСТ/GOST 5461–59, later 13393–76) was adopted in the (then) Soviet Union for designating receiver vacuum tubes. [27] [28] The first element is a number specifying filament voltage.
6V6 Octal socket basing diagram. 1 - * Unconnected in all versions except for the shell connection of the metal 6V6 2 & 7 - Filament / Heater 3 - Anode / Plate 4 - Grid 2 / Screen Grid 5 - Grid 1 / Control Grid 6 - No connection. Pin normally absent 8 - Cathode & Beam-Forming Plates. The 6V6 is a beam-power tetrode vacuum tube.
An AC/DC receiver design is a style of power supply of vacuum tube radio or television receivers that eliminated the bulky and expensive mains transformer. A side-effect of the design was that the receiver could in principle operate from a DC supply as well as an AC supply. Consequently, they were known as "AC/DC receivers".
Later thermionic vacuum tubes, mostly miniature style, some with top cap connections for higher voltages. A vacuum tube, electron tube, [1] [2] [3] [thermionic] valve (British usage), or tube (North America) [4] is a device that controls electric current flow in a high vacuum between electrodes to which an electric potential difference has been applied.
The regenerative receiver also had its heyday at the time where adding an active element (vacuum tube) was considered costly. In order to increase the gain of the receiver, positive feedback was used in its single RF amplifier stage; this also increased the selectivity of the receiver well beyond what would be expected from a single tuned circuit.
Circuit symbol of a heptode. The development of the pentagrid or heptode (seven-electrode) valve was a novel development in the mixer story. The idea was to produce a single valve that not only mixed the oscillator signal and the received signal and produced its own oscillator signal at the same time but, importantly, did the mixing and the oscillating in different parts of the same valve.
A high vacuum tube needs a gridleak resistor parallel to the gridleak capacitor. In Fig. 3, the LC circuit L and C select the receiver frequency. C2 is the gridleak capacitor and helps to demodulate the received signal. B1 is the A-battery or heater battery and B2 is the B-battery or anode battery. In Fig. 8, L, C, B1 and B2 are as in Fig. 3.
The second character was a letter broadly identifying the class of tube: A-- Single element (ballast, barretter) B-- Two-element device such as: Diode; Transmit/receive tube (TR cell), cold-cathode water vapor discharge tube for use in radar systems, shorts the receiver input to protect it while the transmitter operates