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Advance directives were created in response to the increasing sophistication and prevalence of medical technology. [3] [4] Numerous studies have documented critical deficits in the medical care of the dying; it has been found to be unnecessarily prolonged, [5] painful, [6] expensive, [7] [8] and emotionally burdensome to both patients and their families.
Advance care planning is only applicable when the individual cannot make and/or communicate decisions about what they want in relation to their healthcare. [12] If advance care planning has occurred, patients who have lost capacity or the ability to communicate or both, are able to continue to have a say in their medical care. [13]
An advance directive allows an individual to state what treatments he or she would want in a medical crisis, but it is not a medical order. [4] Advance directives are not portable in a sense that it is not accessible across medical systems, so it is the individual's responsibility to have the form on them at all times. [4] This can bring up ...
The right to accept or refuse medical treatment; The right to make an advance health care directive; Facilities must inquire as to whether the patient already has an advance health care directive, and make note of this in their medical records. Facilities must provide education to their staff and affiliates about advance health care directives.
The advance directive should be updated regularly as the patient's condition changes so as to reflect the patient's wishes. [58] [20] Some of the decisions that advance directives may address include receiving fluids and nutrition support, getting blood transfusions, receiving antibiotics, resuscitation (if the heart stops beating), and ...
When filing an advance directive, an alternate health care agent should be identified. The surrogate decision maker must be a trusted individual that is able to make crucial decisions on behalf of the advance directive client. The advance directive should also indicate specific instructions for when a patient is incapacitated.