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Five modern technetium-99m generators The first technetium-99m generator, unshielded, 1958. A Tc-99m pertechnetate solution is being eluted from Mo-99 molybdate bound to a chromatographic substrate. A technetium-99m generator, or colloquially a technetium cow or moly cow, is a device used to extract the metastable isotope 99m Tc of technetium ...
At the hospital, the 99m Tc that forms through 99 Mo decay is chemically extracted from the technetium-99m generator. Most commercial 99 Mo/ 99m Tc generators use column chromatography , in which 99 Mo in the form of water-soluble molybdate, MoO 4 2− is adsorbed onto acid alumina (Al 2 O 3 ).
In particular it is used to carry the 99m Tc isotope (half-life 6 hours) which is commonly used in nuclear medicine in several nuclear scanning procedures. Pertechnetate is poorly hydrated as [TcO 4 (H 2 O) n ] − and [TcO 4 (H 2 O) n-m ] − [H 3 O] + m (n = 1–50, m = 1–4) clusters that have been demonstrated by simulation with DFT.
The metastable technetium-99m (99m Tc) is a short-lived (half-life about 6 hours) nuclear isomer used in nuclear medicine, produced from molybdenum-99. It decays by isomeric transition to technetium-99, a desirable characteristic, since the very long half-life and type of decay of technetium-99 imposes little further radiation burden on the body.
99m Tc is a very versatile radioisotope, and is the most commonly used radioisotope tracer in medicine. It is easy to produce in a technetium-99m generator, by decay of 99 Mo. 99 Mo → 99m Tc + e − + ν e. The molybdenum isotope has a half-life of approximately 66 hours (2.75 days), so the generator has a useful life of about two weeks.
Technetium also has numerous nuclear isomers, which are isotopes with one or more excited nucleons. Technetium-97m (97m Tc; "m" stands for metastability) is the most stable, with a half-life of 91 days and excitation energy 0.0965 MeV. [58] This is followed by technetium-95m (61 days, 0.03 MeV), and technetium-99m (6.01 hours, 0.142 MeV). [58]
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