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Earth formed in this manner about 4.54 billion years ago (with an uncertainty of 1%) [25] [26] [4] and was largely completed within 10–20 million years. [27] In June 2023, scientists reported evidence that the planet Earth may have formed in just three million years, much faster than the 10−100 million years thought earlier.
The first known mass extinction was the Great Oxidation Event 2.4 billion years ago, which killed most of the planet's obligate anaerobes. Researchers have identified five other major extinction events in Earth's history, with estimated losses below: [ 11 ]
The geologic time scale is a way of representing deep time based on events that have occurred throughout Earth's history, a time span of about 4.54 ± 0.05 Ga (4.54 billion years). [3] It chronologically organises strata, and subsequently time, by observing fundamental changes in stratigraphy that correspond to major geological or ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 18 February 2025. Scientific projections regarding the far future Several terms redirect here. For other uses, see List of numbers and List of years. Artist's concept of the Earth 5–7.5 billion years from now, when the Sun has become a red giant While the future cannot be predicted with certainty ...
Known affectionately to scientists as the "boring billion," there was a seemingly endless period in the world's history when the length of a day stayed put. The time when a day on Earth was just ...
The rise in oxygen is attributed to photosynthesis by cyanobacteria, which are thought to have evolved as early as 3.5 billion years ago. [ 18 ] The current scientific understanding of when and how the Earth's atmosphere changed from a weakly reducing to a strongly oxidizing atmosphere largely began with the work of the American geologist ...
The Stenian Period (/ ˈ s t iː n i. ə n / STEE-nee-ən, from Ancient Greek: στενός, romanized: stenós, meaning "narrow") is the final geologic period in the Mesoproterozoic Era and lasted from 1200 Mya to 1000 Mya (million years ago). Instead of being based on stratigraphy, these dates are defined chronometrically.
Boring Billion – Earth history, 1.8 to 0.8 billion years ago Jotnian – Oldest known sediments in the Baltic area that have not been subject to metamorphism Riphean (stage) – stage in the geological timescale named after the Urals Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback