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Trifluralin is a common pre-emergent selective herbicide, a dinitroaniline. With about 14 million pounds (6,400 t) used in the United States in 2001, [3] and 3–7 million pounds (1,400–3,200 t) in 2012, [4] it is one of the most widely used herbicides. Trifluralin is also used in Australia. [5]
Fomesafen. Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Fomesafen is the ISO common name [2] for an organic compound used as an herbicide. It acts by inhibiting the enzyme protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) [3] which is necessary for chlorophyll synthesis.
The resulting extracts were applied to soil flats containing watergrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) as an indicator species at the very high application rate of 100 pounds per acre (112 kg/ha). There was a herbicidal effect from this test, so the extracts were developed on a preparative thin layer chromatographic sheet.
The product is used at application rates of 0.008–0.0155 pounds per acre (9.0–17.4 g/ha). [16] The estimated use in US agriculture is mapped by the US Geological Service and shows that from 1992 to 2017, the latest date for which figures are available, up to 120,000 pounds (54,000 kg) were applied each year.
A field after application of a herbicide Weeds controlled with herbicide. Herbicides (US: / ... (per acre) of major crops by 3x to 6x from 1900 to 2000. [3]
For 360 grams per litre (0.013 lb/cu in) formulations, European regulations allow applications of up to 12 litres per hectare (1.1 imp gal/acre) for control of perennial weeds such as couch grass. More commonly, rates of 3 litres per hectare (0.27 imp gal/acre) are practiced for control of annual weeds between crops. [52]
Ultra-low volume. Ultra-low volume (ULV) application of pesticides has been defined as spraying at a Volume Application Rate (VAR) of less than 5 L/ha for field crops or less than 50 L/ha for tree/bush crops. VARs of 0.25 – 2 L/ha are typical for aerial ULV application to forest or migratory pests. In order to maintain efficacy at such low ...
The product is typically used at application rates of 0.375 lb a.i. per acre. [15] The estimated annual use of acifluorfen in US agriculture is mapped by the US Geological Service and shows that as of 2018 approximately 550,000 pounds (250,000 kg) were applied — mainly in soybean. [16]