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Ottoman rule on Hungary at its peak in 1683, including Budin, Egri, Kanije, Temesvar, Uyvar, and Varat eyalets. The semi-independent Principality of Transylvania was an Ottoman vassal state for the majority of the 16th and 17th centuries, the short lived Imre Thököly's Principality of Upper Hungary also briefly became an Ottoman vassal state due to an anti-Habsburg Protestant uprising ...
The Hungarian–Ottoman wars were a series of battles between the Ottoman Empire and the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. Following the Byzantine Civil War , the Ottoman capture of Gallipoli , and the decisive Battle of Kosovo , the Ottoman Empire was poised to conquer the entirety of the Balkans .
In April 1543 Suleiman launched another campaign in Hungary, bringing back Bran and other forts so that much of Hungary was under Ottoman control. As part of a Franco-Ottoman alliance (see also: Franco-Hungarian alliance and Petar Keglević ), French troops were supplied to the Ottomans in Hungary; a French artillery unit was dispatched in 1543 ...
But Hungary still trusted that the Poles, who had been friendly with them for centuries, as well as the Czechs, Romanians, Russians, Venetians and Austrians, could be mobilized against the Ottoman Turks, [e] but this was hindered by Hungarian internal strife, like the attacks on Báthory, who was suspected of embezzling seven hundred thousand ...
The Habsburg–Ottoman war of 1565–1568 was a conflict between the Habsburg Empire and the Ottoman Empire fought mainly on the territory of Hungary and Croatia. During the war, the Turks captured the castle at Szigetvár but the death of Sultan Suleiman I forced them to retreat.
Conquest of Constantinople by Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror in 1453. After striking a blow to the weakened Byzantine Empire in 1356 (or in 1358 – disputable due to a change in the Byzantine calendar), (see Süleyman Pasha) which provided it with Gallipoli as a basis for operations in Europe, the Ottoman Empire started its westward expansion into the European continent in the middle of the 14th ...
However, the defeat of these and other rebellious vassal states opened up central Europe to Ottoman invasion. The Kingdom of Hungary now bordered the Ottoman Empire and its vassals. After King Louis II of Hungary was killed at the Battle of Mohács in 1526, his widow Queen Mary of Austria fled to her brother the Archduke of Austria, Ferdinand I.
The Ottoman vassal John I of Hungary died in 1540, and his son John II, who was at that time a minor, was crowned king under the regency of his mother Isabella Jagiellon and bishop George Martinuzzi. This was accepted by the Ottoman ruler Suleiman the Magnificent under the condition that the Hungarians would continue to pay tribute to the ...