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A page from the Hindu calendar 1871-72. The Hindu calendar, also called Panchanga (Sanskrit: पञ्चाङ्ग), is one of various lunisolar calendars that are traditionally used in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, with further regional variations for social and Hindu religious purposes. They adopt a similar underlying concept ...
It is sometimes spelled Panchāngamu, Pancanga, Panchanga, Panchaanga, or Panchānga, and is often pronounced Panchāng. Panchangas are used in Jyotisha (Jyotiṣa) (Indian astrology). [1] In Nepal and Eastern India, including Assam, Bengal and Odisha, the Panchangam is referred to as Panjika, and in the Mithila region, it is known as Maithili ...
The candra māna (Sanskrit: चन्द्र मान) of the Hindu calendar is defined based on the movement of the Moon around the Earth.The new moon (Sanskrit: अमावास्य, romanized: amāvāsya) and full moon (Sanskrit: पूर्णिमा, romanized: pūrṇimā) are important markers in this calendar.
Vikram Samvat (ISO: Vikrama Saṁvata; abbreviated VS), also known as the Vikrami calendar is a national Hindu calendar historically used in the Indian subcontinent and still also used in several Indian states and Nepal. [1][2] It is a solar calendar, using twelve to thirteen lunar months each solar sidereal years.
Hindu calendar dates are usually prescribed according to a lunisolar calendar. In Vedic timekeeping , a māsa is a lunar month, a pakṣa is a lunar fortnight and a tithi is a lunar day . Two definitions of the lunar month prevail: amānta and pūrṇimānta (lunar month ending with new moon and full moon respectively).
The Hindu calendar is lunisolar but most festival dates are specified using the lunar portion of the calendar. A lunar day is uniquely identified by three calendar elements: māsa (lunar month), pakṣa (lunar fortnight) and tithi (lunar day). Furthermore, when specifying the masa, one of two traditions are applicable, viz. amānta ...
The Hindu calendars have been in use in the Indian subcontinent since ancient times, and remain in use by the Hindus in India and Nepal, particularly to set Hindu festival dates. Early Buddhist and Jain communities of India adopted the ancient Hindu calendar, later Vikrami calendar and then local Buddhist calendars.
Hindu units of time are described in Hindu texts ranging from microseconds to trillions of years, including cycles of cosmic time that repeat general events in Hindu cosmology. [ 1 ][ 2 ] Time (kāla) is described as eternal. [ 3 ] Various fragments of time are described in the Vedas, Manusmriti, Bhagavata Purana, Vishnu Purana, Mahabharata ...