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Projectional radiography, also known as conventional radiography, [1] is a form of radiography and medical imaging that produces two-dimensional images by X-ray radiation. The image acquisition is generally performed by radiographers, and the images are often examined by radiologists. Both the procedure and any resultant images are often simply ...
The two determinants of the F-factor are the effective atomic number (Z) of the material and the type of ionizing radiation being considered. Since the effective Z of air and soft tissue is approximately the same, the F-factor is approximately 1 for many x-ray imaging applications. However, bone has an F-factor of up to 4, due to its higher ...
Radiation exposure is a measure of the ionization of air due to ionizing radiation from photons. [1] It is defined as the electric charge freed by such radiation in a specified volume of air divided by the mass of that air. [1] As of 2007, "medical radiation exposure" was defined by the International Commission on Radiological Protection as ...
Automatic exposure control. An x-ray image receptor, containing an anti-scatter grid and three AEC regions (represented by dark grey circles and square) These regions represent anatomical areas, e.g. lungs, spine. They can be selected individually, or all at once depending on the need. Automatic Exposure Control (AEC) is an X-ray exposure ...
Risk factors include bone fractures, joint dislocations, alcoholism, and the use of high-dose steroids. [1] The condition may also occur without any clear reason. [1] The most commonly affected bone is the femur (thigh bone). [1] Other relatively common sites include the upper arm bone, knee, shoulder, and ankle. [1]
In radiometry, radiant exposure or fluence is the radiant energy received by a surface per unit area, or equivalently the irradiance of a surface, integrated over time of irradiation, and spectral exposure is the radiant exposure per unit frequency or wavelength, depending on whether the spectrum is taken as a function of frequency or of wavelength.
Natural color X-ray photogram of a wine scene. Note the edges of hollow cylinders as compared to the solid candle. William Coolidge explains medical imaging and X-rays.. An X-ray (also known in many languages as Röntgen radiation) is a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than those of ultraviolet rays and longer than those of gamma rays.
Most fluoroscopic x-ray equipment can provide an estimate of the cumulative dose that would have resulted to a point on the skin if the x-ray beam was stationary during the complete procedure. Such an estimate is derived from the fluoroscopic technique factors and the total exposure time, including any image recording, or from built-in ...