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The three types of heat transfer are conduction, convection, and radiation. Heat transfer occurs when thermal energy moves from one place to another. Atoms and molecules inherently have kinetic and thermal energy, so all matter participates in heat transfer.
Thermal conduction is the diffusion of thermal energy (heat) within one material or between materials in contact. The higher temperature object has molecules with more kinetic energy; collisions between molecules distributes this kinetic energy until an object has the same kinetic energy throughout.
Heat conduction is the transfer of heat between two objects in direct contact with each other. The rate of heat transfer \(Q/t\) (energy per unit time) is proportional to the temperature difference \(T_2 - T_1\) and the contact area \(A\) and inversely proportional to the distance between the objects: \[\dfrac{Q}{t} = \dfrac{kA(T_2 - T_1)}{d}.\]
Conduction is the most significant means of heat transfer within a solid or between solid objects in thermal contact. Conduction is greater in solids because the network of relatively close fixed spatial relationships between atoms helps to transfer energy between them by vibration.
Learn about thermal conduction, convection, and radiation in this Khan Academy video.
Heat transfer by conduction is the dominant mechanism of heat transfer in solids. When the body heats up, the average speed of its molecules increases rapidly. High-energy molecules encounter adjacent molecules and force them to move, in this way heat energy is transmitted in solids.
thermal conduction, transfer of energy (heat) arising from temperature differences between adjacent parts of a body. Thermal conductivity is attributed to the exchange of energy between adjacent molecules and electrons in the conducting medium.