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A binary heap is a complete binary tree that satisfies the heap property: the key in each node is either greater than or equal to (max-heap) or less than or equal to (min-heap) the keys in the node's children. Learn how to insert, extract, decrease-key and merge elements in a binary heap with O (log n) time complexity.
A heap is a tree-based data structure that satisfies the heap property: the key of a parent node is always greater than or equal to the key of its child node in a max heap, or vice versa in a min heap. Learn about the operations, implementation, and variants of heaps, and how they are used in sorting and graph algorithms.
Heapsort is an in-place algorithm that divides its input into a sorted and an unsorted region, and iteratively shrinks the unsorted region by extracting the largest element from it and inserting it into the sorted region. It uses a binary heap data structure to efficiently find the largest element in each step, and has a worst-case runtime of O (n log n).
A min-max heap is a binary tree data structure that combines a min-heap and a max-heap, allowing constant time retrieval and logarithmic time removal of both the minimum and maximum elements. Learn how to build, insert, delete, and perform other operations on min-max heaps with examples and algorithms.
A trie is a type of k-ary search tree that stores keys, usually strings, based on their characters. Tries support efficient operations such as insertion, deletion, and lookup of strings, and can be used for applications such as spell checking and autocompletion.
Learn the rules and features of Python programming language, such as keywords, indentation, data structures, and error handling. Compare Python with other languages ...
For a well-designed hash function, the inverse is true, in an approximate sense: strings that are unequal are very unlikely to have equal hash values. The Rabin–Karp algorithm proceeds by computing, at each position of the text, the hash value of a string starting at that position with the same length as the pattern.
Python is a high-level, general-purpose programming language that emphasizes code readability and supports multiple paradigms. It was created by Guido van Rossum in the late 1980s and has gained widespread use in the machine learning community.