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  2. Castel del Monte, Apulia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castel_del_Monte,_Apulia

    Castel del Monte (Italian for "Castle of the Mountain"; Barese: Castìdde du Monte) is a 13th-century citadel and castle situated on a hill in Andria in the Apulia region of southeast Italy. It was built during the 1240s by King Frederick II, who had inherited the lands from his mother Constance of Sicily. In the 18th century, the castle's ...

  3. Hilltop castle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilltop_castle

    A hilltop castle [1] is a type of hill castle that was built on the summit of a hill or mountain. In the latter case it may be termed a mountaintop castle. The term is derived from the German, Gipfelburg, which is one of a number of terms used in continental castellology to classify castles by topology. The chief advantage of such a ...

  4. Hill castle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hill_castle

    Spur castle (Spornburg), that is built on a hill spur surrounded by steep terrain on three sides and thus only needs to be defended on the one remaining side. When in the 10th and 11th centuries castles lost their pure fortress character and were increasingly built as residence castles for the kings and the nobility, the hill castle was the ...

  5. Fortifications of Kotor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortifications_of_Kotor

    The castle St. John (San Giovanni) and the western hillside wall. The medieval part of the town of Kotor is located on a triangular piece of land that is bordered by the most inner extension of the Bay of Kotor at its south-western side, the river Skurda toward the North, and the mountain of St. John (San Giovanni) towards the East.

  6. Schnellenberg Castle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schnellenberg_Castle

    Built in 1222, [4] [5] Schnellenberg castle occupies a strategically advantageous mountain spur above the southern bank of the Bigge. It was initiated at the same time as the Attendorn town fortifications were errected, constructed at the direction of Archbishop Engelbert von Berg of Cologne [6] to secure the "Heidenstraße", a significant trade route crossing the Bigge near Attendorn, as ...

  7. Japanese castle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_castle

    Before the Sengoku period (roughly the 16th century), most castles were called yamajirō (山城, 'mountain castles'). Though most later castles were built atop mountains or hills, these were built from the mountains. [5] Trees and other foliage were cleared, and the stone and dirt of the mountain itself was carved into rough fortifications.

  8. Enchanting Castles Around the World That Will Take Your ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/finance/50-incredible-castles-around...

    Built in the 15th century by the powerful Clan Campbell, Kilchurn Castle stopped being used around the 1770s, when it started falling into ruins. It is now a protected historic site. It is now a ...

  9. List of oldest extant buildings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_oldest_extant...

    [48] [49] The Sialk ziggurat was built around 3000 BCE. Dolmen de Bagneux: France: Europe: 3000 BCE Dolmen This is the largest dolmen in France, and perhaps the world; the overall length of the dolmen is 23 m (75 ft), with the internal chamber at over 18 m (59 ft) in length and at least 3 m (9.8 ft) high. [50] [51] [52] Grey Cairns of Camster