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Epistemology is the philosophical study of knowledge.Also called theory of knowledge, [a] it examines what knowledge is and what types of knowledge there are. It further investigates the sources of knowledge, like perception, inference, and testimony, to determine how knowledge is created.
Knowledge can be produced in many ways. The main source of empirical knowledge is perception, which involves the usage of the senses to learn about the external world. Introspection allows people to learn about their internal mental states and processes. Other sources of knowledge include memory, rational intuition, inference, and testimony.
Pages in category "Sources of knowledge" The following 21 pages are in this category, out of 21 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
Infallibilism – Knowledge is incompatible with the possibility of being wrong. Fallibilism – Claims can be accepted even though they cannot be conclusively proven or justified. Non-justificationism – Knowledge is produced by attacking claims and refuting them instead of justifying them.
The knowledge acquired through the empirical perception and mind is termed as Mati Jnana (Sensory knowledge). [2] According to Jain epistemology, sense perception is the knowledge which the Jīva (soul) acquires of the environment through the intermediary of material sense organs. [ 5 ]
Within academia, the history of knowledge is the field covering the accumulated and known human knowledge constructed or discovered during human history and its historic forms, focus, accumulation, bearers, [1] impacts, mediations, distribution, applications, societal contexts, conditions [2] and methods of production.
A priori and a posteriori knowledge – these terms are used with respect to reasoning (epistemology) to distinguish necessary conclusions from first premises.. A priori knowledge or justification – knowledge that is independent of experience, as with mathematics, tautologies ("All bachelors are unmarried"), and deduction from pure reason (e.g., ontological proofs).
The Charvaka school held similar beliefs, asserting that perception is the only reliable source of knowledge while inference obtains knowledge with uncertainty. The earliest Western proto-empiricists were the empiric school of ancient Greek medical practitioners, founded in 330 BCE. [16]