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The appearance of blue, green, and hazel eyes results from the Tyndall scattering of light in the stroma, a phenomenon similar to Rayleigh scattering which accounts for the blue sky. [5] Neither blue nor green pigments are present in the human iris or vitreous humour .
The original Martin scale, summarized below, consists of 16 colors (from light blue to dark brown-black) that correspond to the different eye colors observed in nature due to the amount of melanin in the iris. The numbering is reversed in order to match the Martin–Schultz scale, which is still used in biological anthropology. In this case ...
The scale consists of 20 colors [1] (from light blue to dark brown-black) that correspond to the different eye colors observed in nature due to the amount of melanin in the iris (in this case, the lower the number, the lighter the eye color): [2] [3]
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For example, a white page under blue, pink, or purple light will reflect mostly blue, pink, or purple light to the eye, respectively; the brain, however, compensates for the effect of lighting (based on the color shift of surrounding objects) and is more likely to interpret the page as white under all three conditions, a phenomenon known as ...
"His right eye was light blue, while the left was black, nevertheless his eyes were most attractive", is the description of the historian John Malalas. [33] [34] [35] A more recent example is the German poet, playwright, novelist, scientist, statesman, theatre director, and critic, Johann Wolfgang Goethe. [36]
The various cone cells are maximally sensitive to either short wavelengths (blue light), medium wavelengths (green light), or long wavelengths (red light). Rod photoreceptors only contain one type of photopigment, rhodopsin, which has a peak sensitivity at a wavelength of approximately 500 nanometers which corresponds to blue-green light. [6]
Baboons, like other old world monkeys and apes, have eyes which can discern blue, green and red wavelengths of light. The evolution of color vision in primates is highly unusual compared to most eutherian mammals.