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Some wetlands are a significant source of methane emissions [6] [7] and some are also emitters of nitrous oxide. [8] [9] Nitrous oxide is a greenhouse gas with a global warming potential 300 times that of carbon dioxide and is the dominant ozone-depleting substance emitted in the 21st century. [10] Wetlands can also act as a sink for greenhouse ...
Greenhouse gas emissions from wetlands of concern consist primarily of methane and nitrous oxide emissions. Wetlands are the largest natural source of atmospheric methane in the world, and are therefore a major area of concern with respect to climate change .
[109] [110] Nitrous oxide is a greenhouse gas with a global warming potential 300 times that of carbon dioxide and is the dominant ozone-depleting substance emitted in the 21st century. [111] Wetlands can also act as a sink for greenhouse gases. [112]
Increases in levels of carbon dioxide – the main greenhouse gas – from 2020 to 2021 was larger than the average annual growth rate over the last decade, with concentrations reaching 415.7 ...
Wetlands can become sources of carbon, rather than sinks, as the decomposition occurring within the ecosystem emits methane. [48] Natural peatlands do not always have a measurable cooling effect on the climate in a short time span as the cooling effects of sequestering carbon are offset by the emission of methane, which is a strong greenhouse gas.
Additionally, some wetlands can release non-CO 2 greenhouse gases, such as methane [67] and nitrous oxide [68] which could offset potential climate benefits. The amounts of carbon sequestered via blue carbon by wetlands can also be difficult to measure. [63]
A carbon bomb, or climate bomb, [34] is any new extraction of hydrocarbons from underground whose potential greenhouse gas emissions exceed 1 billion tonnes of CO 2 worldwide. In 2022, a study showed that there are 425 fossil fuel extraction projects (coal, oil and gas) with potential CO2 emissions of more than 1 billion tonnes worldwide.
Research conducted at the Experimental Lakes Area indicates that creating reservoirs through the flooding of boreal wetlands, which are sinks for CO 2, converts the wetlands into sources of atmospheric carbon. [31] In these ecosystems, variation in organic carbon content has been found to have little effect on the rates of greenhouse gas emission.