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Area c is the variance that the independent variable and the dependent variable have in common with the mediator, and this is the indirect effect. [ citation needed ] [ clarification needed ] Area c corresponds to the product of coefficients ( αβ ) and to ( τ − τ ' ).
In computing, a null pointer or null reference is a value saved for indicating that the pointer or reference does not refer to a valid object. Programs routinely use null pointers to represent conditions such as the end of a list of unknown length or the failure to perform some action; this use of null pointers can be compared to nullable types ...
The null sign (∅) is often used in mathematics for denoting the empty set. The same letter in linguistics represents zero , the lack of an element. It is commonly used in phonology , morphology , and syntax .
In computer programming, an indirection (also called a reference) is a way of referring to something using a name, reference, or container instead of the value itself. The most common form of indirection is the act of manipulating a value through its memory address. For example, accessing a variable through the use of a pointer.
It is often abbreviated as NUL (or NULL, though in some contexts that term is used for the null pointer). In 8-bit codes, it is known as a null byte . The original meaning of this character was like NOP —when sent to a printer or a terminal , it has no effect (some terminals, however, incorrectly display it as space ).
Such reference cells can hold any value, and so are given the polymorphic type α ref, where α is to be replaced with the type of value pointed to. These mutable references can be pointed to different objects over their lifetime. For example, this permits building of circular data structures. The reference cell is functionally equivalent to a ...
Null symbol may refer to: Null character , U+0000 <control-0000> , U+2400 ␀ SYMBOL FOR NULL (a single-character glyph "NUL") Null sign (∅), the empty set
In science, a null result is a result without the expected content: that is, the proposed result is absent. [1] It is an experimental outcome which does not show an otherwise expected effect. This does not imply a result of zero or nothing, simply a result that does not support the hypothesis .