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However, the liquid density is very low compared to other common fuels. Once liquefied, it can be maintained as a liquid for some time in thermally insulated containers. [6] There are two spin isomers of hydrogen; whereas room temperature hydrogen is mostly orthohydrogen, liquid hydrogen consists of 99.79% parahydrogen and 0.21% orthohydrogen. [5]
Arterial blood gases will indicate low pH, low blood HCO 3, and normal or low PaCO 2. In addition to arterial blood gas, an anion gap can also differentiate between possible causes. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is useful for calculating blood pH, because blood is a buffer solution. In the clinical setting, this equation is usually used to ...
The formed elements are the two types of blood cell or corpuscle – the red blood cells, (erythrocytes) and white blood cells (leukocytes), and the cell fragments called platelets [12] that are involved in clotting. By volume, the red blood cells constitute about 45% of whole blood, the plasma about 54.3%, and white cells about 0.7%.
Intracellular pH is typically lower than extracellular pH due to lower concentrations of HCO 3 −. [9] A rise of extracellular (e.g., serum) partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO 2) above 45 mmHg leads to formation of carbonic acid, which causes a decrease of pH i as it dissociates: [10]
A low temperature (T°), thermal agitation allow mostly the water molecules to be excited as hydrogen and oxygen levels required higher thermal agitation to be significantly populated (on the arbitrary diagram, 3 levels can be populated for water vs 1 for the oxygen/hydrogen subsystem), At high temperature (T), thermal agitation is sufficient ...
Very-low-temperature fluids: liquid nitrogen [45] and hydrogen. [45] High-temperature liquids: sodium chloride. [78] Sulfuric acid in liquid form is strongly polar. It remains liquid at higher temperatures than water, its liquid range being 10 °C to 337 °C at a pressure of 1 atm, although above 300 °C it slowly decomposes.
The main elements that comprise the human body (including water) can be summarized as CHNOPS. Element Symbol percent mass percent atoms Oxygen O 65.0 24.0 Carbon C 18.5 12.0 Hydrogen H 9.5 62.0 Nitrogen N 2.6 1.1 Calcium Ca 1.3 0.22 Phosphorus P 0.6 0.22 Sulfur S 0.3 0.038 Potassium K 0.2 0.03 Sodium Na 0.2 0.037 Chlorine Cl 0.2 0.024 Magnesium Mg
In mammals, hemoglobin makes up about 96% of a red blood cell's dry weight (excluding water), and around 35% of the total weight (including water). [5] Hemoglobin has an oxygen-binding capacity of 1.34 mL of O 2 per gram, [ 6 ] which increases the total blood oxygen capacity seventy-fold compared to dissolved oxygen in blood plasma alone. [ 7 ]