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Chlorhexidine [1] is a disinfectant and antiseptic with the molecular formula C 22 H 30 Cl 2 N 10, which is used for skin disinfection before surgery and to disinfect surgical instruments. [2] It is also used for cleaning wounds , preventing dental plaque , treating yeast infections of the mouth , and to keep urinary catheters from blocking. [ 3 ]
These products are used as a preprocedural rinse to reduce bacterial counts prior to routine dental treatments and injections. [15] A common antiseptic rinsing agent used in the dental office is a 0.2% chlorhexidine product which provides a lowered bacterial count for more than 60 minutes. [16]
Chlorhexidine can be used to combat halitosis (bad breath) by applying a 4% solution to the most posterior part of the tongue using a toothbrush or cotton swab. The chlorhexidine binds to the mucosal surface and is slowly released, killing the bacteria that cause bad breath. [2
A 1930s poster from the Work Projects Administration promoting oral hygiene. Tooth decay is the most common global disease. [14] Over 80% of cavities occur inside fissures in teeth where brushing cannot reach food left trapped after eating and saliva and fluoride have no access to neutralize acid and remineralize demineralized teeth, unlike easy-to-clean parts of the tooth, where fewer ...
While some products containing chlorhexidine have been shown to limit the progression of existing tooth decay; there is currently no evidence suggesting that chlorhexidine gels and varnishes can prevent dental caries or reduce the population of Streptococcus mutans in the mouth. [131]
Green stains also result from foods with chlorophyll or excessive exposure to copper or nickel. Amalgam, a common dental restorative material, may turn adjacent areas of teeth black or gray. Long term use of chlorhexidine, a mouthwash, may encourage extrinsic stain formation near the gingiva on teeth. This is usually easy for a hygienist to remove.