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A peritoneal abscess may form (e.g., above or below the liver, or in the lesser omentum) Sepsis may develop, so blood cultures should be obtained. Complicated peritonitis typically involves multiple organs.
Trauma to the tissues, such as serious impact on a tooth or excessive pressure exerted on teeth during orthodontic treatment, can be a possible cause as well. [17] Occlusal overload may also be involved in the development of a periodontal abscess, but this is rare and usually occurs in combination with other factors.
Cytopathology of peritoneal fluid from paracentesis , showing typical features of adenocarcinoma. It is used for a number of reasons: [3] to relieve abdominal pressure from ascites; to diagnose spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and other infections (e.g. abdominal TB) to diagnose metastatic cancer; to diagnose blood in peritoneal space in trauma
Although there is no high-quality evidence, the third-generation cephalosporins are considered the standard empirical treatment for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in people with cirrhosis. [29] In practice, cefotaxime is the agent of choice for treatment of SBP. After confirmation of SBP, hospital admission is usually advised for observation ...
Treatment is with antibiotics and drainage of the abscess; typically guided by ultrasound or CT, through the skin, via the rectum, or transvaginal routes. [3] Occasionally antibiotics may be used without surgery; if the abscess is at a very stage and small. [2] Until sensitivities are received, a broad spectrum antibiotic is generally required. [2]
Peritoneal fluid is a serous fluid made by the peritoneum in the abdominal cavity which lubricates the surface of tissue that lines the abdominal wall and pelvic cavity. It covers most of the organs in the abdomen. An increased volume of peritoneal fluid is called ascites. Sampling of peritoneal fluid is generally performed by paracentesis.
Ascites (/ ə ˈ s aɪ t i z /; [5] Greek: ἀσκός, romanized: askos, meaning "bag" or "sac" [6]) is the abnormal build-up of fluid in the abdomen. [1] Technically, it is more than 25 ml of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, although volumes greater than one liter may occur. [4]
This procedure is performed when intra-abdominal bleeding (hemoperitoneum), usually secondary to trauma, is suspected. [2]In a hemodynamically unstable patient with high-risk mechanism of injury, peritoneal lavage is a means of rapidly diagnosing intra-abdominal injury requiring laparotomy, but has largely been replaced in trauma care by the use of a focused assessment with sonography for ...