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A parasitoid wasp (Cotesia congregata) adult with pupal cocoons on its host, a tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta, green background), an example of a hymenopteran biological control agent Biological control or biocontrol is a method of controlling pests , whether pest animals such as insects and mites , weeds , or pathogens affecting animals or ...
The screw-worm fly was the first pest successfully eliminated from an area through the sterile insect technique, by the use of an integrated area-wide approach.. The sterile insect technique (SIT) [1] [2] is a method of biological insect control, whereby overwhelming numbers of sterile insects are released into the wild.
Biological pest control is a rapidly expanding field of agriculture, where natural agents, primarily parasitoids and predators are used to control a pest organism that has been causing economic harm to human interests. These methods can be as alternatives or supplements to conventional pest control methods such as insecticides.
Further examples of environmental control is by reducing the prevalence of open defecation or improving the designs and maintenance of pit latrines. This can reduce the incidence of flies acting as vectors to spread diseases via their contact with feces of infected people.
Biological controls—Natural biological processes and materials can provide control, with acceptable environmental impact, and often at lower cost. The main approach is to promote beneficial insects that eat or parasitize target pests.
While the understanding and incorporation of tritrophic interactions in pest control offers a promising control option, the sustainable biological control of pests requires a dynamic approach that involves diversity in all of the species present, richness in natural enemies, and limited adverse activity (i.e., minimal pesticide use).
Releasing predators, parasitoids, or pathogens to control pest populations as a form of biological control. [74] Chemical control like releasing pheromones into the field to confuse the insects into not being able to find mates and reproduce. [75] Integrated Pest Management: using multiple techniques in tandem to achieve optimal results. [76]
Entyloma ageratinae, commonly known as the mist flower smut, is a leaf smut fungus and plant pathogen widely employed as a biological herbicide in the control of the invasive plant Ageratina riparia. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The pathogen was first identified in Jamaica in 1974 and was isolated as a distinct species in 1988.