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The Latin pleurotus (side-ear) refers to the sideways growth of the stem with respect to the cap, while the Latin ostreatus (and the English common name, oyster) refers to the shape of the cap which resembles the bivalve of the same name. [2] The reference to oyster may also derive from the slippery texture of the mushroom. [2]
Pleurotus is a genus of gilled mushrooms which includes one of the most widely eaten mushrooms, P. ostreatus. Species of Pleurotus may be called oyster , abalone , or tree mushrooms , and are some of the most commonly cultivated edible mushrooms in the world. [ 1 ]
Perhaps the best known member is the oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus. Many species in the genera Pleurotus and Hohenbuehelia are nematophagous, that is, they derive nutrition by consuming nematodes. This is made possible by hyphae that may have adhesive knobs that attach to passing nematodes and secrete nematotoxic compounds. [2] [3]
Pleurotus abieticola R.H.Petersen & K.W.Hughes 1997; Pleurotus abscondens (Peck) Sacc. 1887; Pleurotus achilleae Velen. 1927; Pleurotus agaves Dennis 1970; Pleurotus albidus (Berk.) Pegler 1983; Pleurotus albipes Beauseign. 1926; Pleurotus allochrous (Pers.) Sacc. & Traverso 1911; Pleurotus alocasiae Corner 1981; Pleurotus alveolus Velen. 1927 ...
Pleurotus eryngii is the largest species in the oyster mushroom genus, Pleurotus, which also contains the oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. It has a thick, meaty white stem and a small tan cap (in young specimens). Its natural range extends from the Atlantic Ocean through the Mediterranean Basin and Central Europe into Western Asia and India ...
Pleurotus ostreatus Termitomyces species are symbiotes of termites and the mushrooms grow out of termite mounds. This genus includes the largest edible mushroom, Termitomyces titanicus , with a cap that averages 1 m in diameter, [ 15 ] though most species are much smaller.
Pleurotus ostreatus. Gilled fungi with laterally-attached fruiting bodies are classified as pleurotoid (Gr.: pleurē + ōtos + -oid, literally "side-ear form" or "having the likeness of Pleurotus ssp."). Pleurotoid fungi are typically wood-decay fungi and are found on dead and dying trees and coarse woody debris.
[1] [2] Other laccases, such as those produced by the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus, play a role in the degradation of lignin, and can therefore be classed as lignin-modifying enzymes. [3] Other laccases produced by fungi can facilitate the biosynthesis of melanin pigments. [4] Laccases catalyze ring cleavage of aromatic compounds. [5]