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Trauma affects all children differently (see stress in early childhood). Some children who experience trauma develop significant and long-lasting problems, while others may have minimal symptoms and recover more quickly. [56] Studies have found that despite the broad impacts of trauma, children can and do recover with appropriate interventions.
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) include childhood emotional, physical, or sexual abuse and household dysfunction during childhood. The categories are verbal abuse, physical abuse, contact sexual abuse, a battered mother/father, household substance abuse, household mental illness, incarcerated household members, and parental separation or divorce.
The effects of this trauma can be experienced very differently depending on factors such as how long the trauma was, how severe and even the age of the child when it occurred. Negative childhood experiences can have a tremendous impact on future violence victimization and perpetration, and lifelong health and opportunity. [ 3 ]
The NCTSN is coordinated by the UCLA-Duke University National Center for Child Traumatic Stress, [1] and is a collaboration that as of 2012 has 60 members [3] and a network of more than 150 centers and thousands of partners throughout the US. [1]
Childhood trauma can entail a wide variety of experiences including death, divorce, violence, sexual abuse, illness and others. [8] In 2018 the World Health Organization released that per year, 40 million youths under the age of 15 are victims of violence. [9] There are four commonly defined types of childhood abuse and neglect: [10]
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) [b] is a mental and behavioral disorder [8] that develops from experiencing a traumatic event, such as sexual assault, warfare, traffic collisions, child abuse, domestic violence, or other threats on a person's life or well-being.