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Auditory attention is often described as the selection of a channel, message, ear, stimulus, or in the more general phrasing used by Treisman, the "selection between inputs". [8] As audition became the preferred way of examining selective attention, so too did the testing procedures of dichotic listening and shadowing .
Attention is part of nearly every waking moment for humans, as it is the focusing of one's thoughts. Selective attention [14] utilizes cognitive processes to focus on relevant targets on input, thoughts or actions while neglecting irrelevant sources of input. This is the basis for how we attend to specific stimuli.
To demonstrate this effect they created a video where students pass a basketball between themselves. Viewers asked to count the number of times the players with the white shirts pass the ball often fail to notice a person in a gorilla suit who appears in the center of the image (see Invisible Gorilla Test ), an experiment described as "one of ...
A "hugely influential" [76] theory regarding selective attention is the perceptual load theory, which states that there are two mechanisms that affect attention: cognitive and perceptual. The perceptual mechanism considers the subject's ability to perceive or ignore stimuli, both task-related and non task-related.
The review argues that perceptual load theory has been misconstrued as a hybrid solution to the early selection versus late selection debate, and that it is instead an early selection model: selection occurs because attention is necessary for semantic processing, and the difference between high-load and low-load conditions is a result of the ...
This selective attention allows individuals to prioritize and respond effectively to important or meaningful stimuli in their surroundings. [4] Researchers in psychology and cognitive science study perceptual vigilance to understand how attentional mechanisms operate and how they can be influenced by internal and external factors.
The "dichotic fused words test" (DFWT) is a modified version of the basic dichotic listening test. It was originally explored by Johnson et al. (1977) [25] but in the early 80's Wexler and Hawles (1983) [26] modified this original test to ascertain more accurate data pertaining to hemispheric specialization of language function.
The dot-probe paradigm is a test used by cognitive psychologists to assess selective attention. According to Eysenck, MacLeod & Mathews (1987) and Mathews (2004) the dot-probe task derives directly from research carried out by Christos Halkiopoulos in 1981.