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Therefore, nonzero, non-scalar quaternions, or positive scalar quaternions, have exactly two roots, while 0 has exactly one root (0), and negative scalar quaternions have infinitely many roots, which are the vector quaternions located on {} (), i.e., where the scalar part is zero and the vector part is located on the 2-sphere with radius .
Such functions can be called functions of a quaternion variable just as functions of a real variable or a complex variable are called. As with complex and real analysis , it is possible to study the concepts of analyticity , holomorphy , harmonicity and conformality in the context of quaternions.
The quaternion group has the unusual property of being Hamiltonian: Q 8 is non-abelian, but every subgroup is normal. [4] Every Hamiltonian group contains a copy of Q 8. [5] The quaternion group Q 8 and the dihedral group D 4 are the two smallest examples of a nilpotent non-abelian group.
When the initial end point is the identity quaternion, slerp gives a segment of a one-parameter subgroup of both the Lie group of 3D rotations, SO(3), and its universal covering group of unit quaternions, S 3. Slerp gives a straightest and shortest path between its quaternion end points, and maps to a rotation through an angle of 2Ω.
Cayley Q8 graph of quaternion multiplication showing cycles of multiplication of i (red), j (green) and k (blue). In the SVG file, hover over or click a path to highlight it. All of the Clifford algebras Cl p , q ( R {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} } ) apart from the real numbers, complex numbers and the quaternions contain non-real elements that ...
In mathematics, a quaternion algebra over a field F is a central simple algebra A over F [1] [2] that has dimension 4 over F.Every quaternion algebra becomes a matrix algebra by extending scalars (equivalently, tensoring with a field extension), i.e. for a suitable field extension K of F, is isomorphic to the 2 × 2 matrix algebra over K.
These two scalars (negative and positive unity) can be thought of as scalar quaternions. These two scalars are special limiting cases, corresponding to versors with angles of either zero or π. These two scalars are special limiting cases, corresponding to versors with angles of either zero or π.
where q is the versor, q −1 is its inverse, and x is the vector treated as a quaternion with zero scalar part. The quaternion can be related to the rotation vector form of the axis angle rotation by the exponential map over the quaternions, = /, where v is the rotation vector treated as a quaternion.