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Bengali is an Eastern Indo-Aryan language that originated from the Middle Indo-Aryan language in the 7th century. After the conquest of Nadia in 1204 AD, Islamic rule began in Bengal, which influenced the Bengali language. [1] [2] The middle or late 14th century is marked as the end of Old Bengal and the beginning of Middle Bengal.
Bengali Hindu families use names of Sanskrit origin, followed by Bengali. They use many names which are listed below. Some of their names are somewhat shortened and altered, like Chatterjee, owing to British influence. Some family names may be common between all religions, such as চৌধুরী (Choudhuri / Chowdhury), সরকার ...
The exact origin of the word Bangla is unknown, though it is believed to be derived from the Dravidian-speaking tribe Bang/Banga that settled in the area around the year 1000 BCE. [16] [17] Other accounts speculate that the name is derived from Venga (Bôngo), which came from the Austroasiatic word "Bonga" meaning the Sun
The Bengali script in general has a comparatively shallow orthography when compared to the Latin script used for English and French, i.e., in many cases there is a one-to-one correspondence between the sounds (phonemes) and the letters (graphemes) of Bengali. But grapheme-phoneme inconsistencies do occur in many other cases.
Bengal was a regional power of the Indian subcontinent. The administrative jurisdiction of Bengal historically extended beyond the territory of Bengal proper. In the 9th century, the Pala Empire of Bengal ruled large parts of northern India. The Bengal Sultanate controlled Bengal, Assam, Arakan, Bihar and Orissa at different periods in history.
Old Bengali was the earliest recorded form of the Bengali language, spoken in the Bengal region of eastern Indian subcontinent during the Middle Ages. It developed from a Apabhraṃśa of Magadhi Prakrit around 650 AD, and the first Bengali literary works date from the 8th century.
Pohela Baishakh celebration in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The culture of Bengal defines the cultural heritage of the Bengali people native to eastern regions of the Indian subcontinent, mainly what is today Bangladesh and the Indian states of West Bengal and Tripura, where they form the dominant ethnolinguistic group and the Bengali language is the official and primary language.
This article provides lists of famous and notable Bengali people in the Indian subcontinent, people with Bengali ancestry, and people who speak Bengali as their primary language. This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness.