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  2. Strain (mechanics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strain_(mechanics)

    The (infinitesimal) strain tensor (symbol ) is defined in the International System of Quantities (ISQ), more specifically in ISO 80000-4 (Mechanics), as a "tensor quantity representing the deformation of matter caused by stress. Strain tensor is symmetric and has three linear strain and three shear strain (Cartesian) components." [6]

  3. Hooke's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hooke's_law

    In physics, Hooke's law is an empirical law which states that the force (F) needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance (x) scales linearly with respect to that distance—that is, F s = kx, where k is a constant factor characteristic of the spring (i.e., its stiffness), and x is small compared to the total possible deformation of the spring.

  4. Stress–strain analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stressstrain_analysis

    Stressstrain analysis (or stress analysis) is an engineering discipline that uses many methods to determine the stresses and strains in materials and structures subjected to forces. In continuum mechanics , stress is a physical quantity that expresses the internal forces that neighboring particles of a continuous material exert on each other ...

  5. Stress (mechanics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_(mechanics)

    In continuum mechanics, stress is a physical quantity that describes forces present during deformation. For example, an object being pulled apart, such as a stretched elastic band, is subject to tensile stress and may undergo elongation. An object being pushed together, such as a crumpled sponge, is subject to compressive stress and may undergo ...

  6. Stress–strain curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stressstrain_curve

    In engineering and materials science, a stressstrain curve for a material gives the relationship between stress and strain. It is obtained by gradually applying load to a test coupon and measuring the deformation, from which the stress and strain can be determined (see tensile testing). These curves reveal many of the properties of a ...

  7. Ramberg–Osgood relationship - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramberg–Osgood_relationship

    Ramberg–Osgood relationship. The Ramberg–Osgood equation was created to describe the nonlinear relationship between stress and strain —that is, the stressstrain curve —in materials near their yield points. It is especially applicable to metals that harden with plastic deformation (see work hardening), showing a smooth elastic-plastic ...

  8. Tensile testing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensile_testing

    Tensile testing, also known as tension testing, [1] is a fundamental materials science and engineering test in which a sample is subjected to a controlled tension until failure. Properties that are directly measured via a tensile test are ultimate tensile strength, breaking strength, maximum elongation and reduction in area. [2]

  9. Mohr's circle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohr's_circle

    Mohr's circles for a three-dimensional state of stress. Mohr's circle is a two-dimensional graphical representation of the transformation law for the Cauchy stress tensor. Mohr's circle is often used in calculations relating to mechanical engineering for materials' strength, geotechnical engineering for strength of soils, and structural ...