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Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction which results from antibodies that block or destroy nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChR) at the junction between the nerve and muscle. [6][7][1] This prevents nerve impulses from triggering muscle contractions. [1]
It is an antibody fragment that binds to the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), preventing FcRn from recycling immunoglobulin G (IgG) back into the blood. [4] The medication causes a reduction in overall levels of IgG, including the abnormal acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies that are present in myasthenia gravis. [4]
In myasthenia gravis, the receptor at the neuromuscular junction is targeted by antibodies, leading to muscle weakness. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors can be blocked by the drugs atropine and scopolamine. Congenital myasthenic syndrome (CMS) is an inherited neuromuscular disorder caused by defects of several types at the neuromuscular ...
Autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy is a type of immune-mediated autonomic failure that is associated with antibodies against the ganglionic nicotinic acetylcholine receptor present in sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric ganglia. Typical symptoms include gastrointestinal dysmotility, orthostatic hypotension, and tonic pupils. [1]
In June 2024, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved VYVGART Hytrulo for the treatment of adult patients with CIDP. VYVGART Hytrulo is also approved for the treatment of generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) in adult patients who are anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody positive.
Rare. Transient neonatal myasthenia gravis, i.e., TNMG (also termed neonatal myasthenia gravis [1]), and its more severe form, fetal acetylcholine receptor inactivation syndrome (i.e., FARIS), is one of the various types of myasthenia gravis (i.e., MG). [2] MG is an autoimmune disease in which individuals form antibodies that circulate in their ...
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