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Trimethoprim. Trimethoprim (TMP) is an antibiotic used mainly in the treatment of bladder infections. [1] Other uses include for middle ear infections and travelers' diarrhea. [1] With sulfamethoxazole or dapsone it may be used for Pneumocystis pneumonia in people with HIV/AIDS. [1][2] It is taken orally (swallowed by mouth).
The effects of trimethoprim causes a backlog of dihydrofolate (DHF) and this backlog can work against the inhibitory effect the drug has on tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis. This is where the sulfamethoxazole comes in; its role is in depleting the excess DHF by preventing it from being synthesised in the first place.
TMP/SMX is commonly used due to its ability to achieve high concentrations in urinary tract tissues and urine. This antibiotic combination demonstrates notable efficacy in both the treatment and prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infections. [12] Common adverse effects include nausea, vomiting, rash,pruritus, and photosensitivity. [26]
Methaemoglobinaemia. Erythema multiforme. Low blood sugar. Hepatitis (liver swelling) Crystalluria (crystals in the urine) Urinary obstruction causing difficulty passing urine. Lowered mental acuity. Depression. Tremor.
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects a part of the urinary tract. [ 1 ] Lower urinary tract infections may involve the bladder (cystitis) or urethra (urethritis) while upper urinary tract infections affect the kidney (pyelonephritis). [ 10 ] Symptoms from a lower urinary tract infection include suprapubic pain, painful ...
Sulfamethoxazole (SMZ or SMX) is an antibiotic. It is used for bacterial infections such as urinary tract infections, bronchitis, and prostatitis and is effective against both gram negative and positive bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. [1] Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and skin rashes.