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Watershed delineation is the process of identifying the boundary of a watershed, also referred to as a catchment, drainage basin, or river basin. It is an important step in many areas of environmental science, engineering, and management, for example to study flooding, aquatic habitat, or water pollution. The activity of watershed delineation ...
Catchment hydrology is the study of hydrology in drainage basins. Catchments are areas of land where runoff collects to a specific zone. This movement is caused by water moving from areas of high energy to low energy due to the influence of gravity. Catchments often do not last for long periods of time as the water evaporates, drains into the ...
Rain over a Scottish catchment.Understanding the cycling of water into, through, and out of catchments is a key element of hydrology. Hydrology (from Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr) 'water' and -λογία () 'study of') is the scientific study of the movement, distribution, and management of water on Earth and other planets, including the water cycle, water resources, and drainage basin ...
Hydrogeology is the study of the laws governing the movement of subterranean water, the mechanical, chemical, and thermal interaction of this water with the porous solid, and the transport of energy, chemical constituents, and particulate matter by flow (Domenico and Schwartz, 1998).
The stream order or waterbody order is a positive whole number used in geomorphology and hydrology to indicate the level of branching in a river system.. There are various approaches [1] to the topological ordering of rivers or sections of rivers based on their distance from the source ("top down" [2]) or from the confluence (the point where two rivers merge) or river mouth ("bottom up" [3 ...
Drainage density is a quantity used to describe physical parameters of a drainage basin. First described by Robert E. Horton, drainage density is defined as the total length of channel in a drainage basin divided by the total area, represented by the following equation: [1] The quantity represents the average length of channel per unit area of ...
Contents. Hydrologic unit system (United States) For the use of hydrologists, ecologists, and water-resource managers in the study of surface water flows in the United States, the United States Geological Survey created a hierarchical system of hydrologic units. Originally a four-tier system divided into regions, sub-regions, accounting units ...
Flood forecasting. Flood forecasting is the process of predicting the occurrence, magnitude, timing, and duration of floods in a specific area, often by analysing various hydrological, meteorological, and environmental factors. The primary goal of flood forecasting is to deliver timely and accurate information to decision-makers, empowering ...