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In the Gulf of Finland, there is a strip of international waters regardless of the 12 nmi limit: the outer limit of the territorial sea shall at no place be closer to the midline than 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi). [30] Bogskär, a remote island, has only 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) territorial waters. [31]
The terms international waters or transboundary waters apply where any of the following types of bodies of water (or their drainage basins) transcend international boundaries: oceans, large marine ecosystems, enclosed or semi-enclosed regional seas and estuaries, rivers, lakes, groundwater systems (), and wetlands.
Contiguous zone: Beyond the 12-nautical-mile (22 km) limit, there is a further 12 nautical miles (22 km) from the territorial sea baseline limit, the contiguous zone. Here a state can continue to enforce laws in four specific areas (customs, taxation, immigration, and pollution) if the infringement started or is about to occur within the state ...
Since the mid-20th century, numerous nations have claimed territorial waters well beyond the traditional three-mile limit. Commonly these maritime territories extend 12 nautical miles (22 km) from a coastline, and this was eventually established as the international norm by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. As a result ...
10 nmi: Current national airspace claimed by Greece. 12 nmi: Extent of territorial waters and national airspace defined as a legal right by UNCLOS, to which Turkey is not a signatory. The Aegean dispute is a set of interrelated controversies between Greece and Turkey over sovereignty and related rights in the region of the Aegean Sea. This set ...
A maritime boundary is a conceptual division of Earth 's water surface areas using physiographical or geopolitical criteria. As such, it usually bounds areas of exclusive national rights over mineral and biological resources, [1] encompassing maritime features, limits and zones. [2] Generally, a maritime boundary is delineated at a particular ...
In 1987, the United Kingdom extended its territorial waters to 12 nautical miles, which put Sealand in waters internationally recognised as British. [19] Sealand previously sold fantasy passports (as termed by the Council of the European Union), which are not valid for international travel. [20]
The waters beyond the territorial seas and EEZs, that is, beyond 200 nautical miles (370 km; 230 mi) from the coastal states' baselines, are considered the "high seas" (i.e. international waters). The waters and sea bottom that is not confirmed to be extended continental shelf beyond the exclusive economic zones are considered to be the ...