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Coolie (also spelled koelie, kuli, khuli, khulie, cooli, cooly, or quli) is a pejorative term used for low-wage labourers, typically those of Indian or Chinese descent. [1][2][3] The word coolie was first used in the 16th century by European traders across Asia. By the 18th century, the term referred to migrant Indian indentured labourers.
April 29, 1876. In the 19th century, Sino–U.S. maritime trade began the history of Chinese Americans. At first only a handful of Chinese came, mainly as merchants, former sailors, to America. The first Chinese people of this wave arrived in the United States around 1815.
On February 19, 1862, the 37th United States Congress passed An Act to Prohibit the "Coolie Trade" by American Citizens in American Vessels. [1] The act, which would be called the Anti-Coolie Act of 1862 in short, was passed by the California State Legislature in an attempt to appease rising anger among white laborers about salary competition created by the influx of Chinese immigrants at the ...
The American Federation of Labor (AFL), making the case against Chinese immigration in 1902, described "little girls no older than 12" who "were found in Chinese laundries under the influence of ...
The billboard behind is full of inflammatory anti-Chinese broadsheets. Anti-Chinese sentiment in the United States began in the 19th century, shortly after Chinese immigrants first arrived in North America, [1] and continues into the 21st century. It has taken many forms throughout history, including prejudice, racist immigration restrictions ...
First page of the Chinese Exclusion Act passed by Congress in 1882 [1] The Chinese Exclusion Act was a United States federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur on May 6, 1882, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers for 10 years. The law made exceptions for merchants, teachers, students, travelers, and diplomats. [2]
Chinese labor in the southern United States. After slavery was abolished in the United States, Chinese laborers were imported to the South as cheap labor to replace freed Blacks on the plantations. Many of the early Chinese laborers came from sugar plantations in Cuba and after the transcontinental railroad was completed, California also ...
Armed indigenous peasants sacked and occupied haciendas of landed elite criollo "collaborationists" in the central Sierra, most of whom were of ethnic Chinese descent, and indigenous and mestizo Peruvians murdered Chinese shopkeepers in Lima. In response, the Chinese coolies revolted and even joined the Chilean Army.