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Roman navy. The naval forces of the ancient Roman state (Latin: classis, lit. 'fleet') were instrumental in the Roman conquest of the Mediterranean Basin, but it never enjoyed the prestige of the Roman legions. Throughout their history, the Romans remained a primarily land-based people and relied partially on their more nautically inclined ...
In the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, the Latin word castrum [1] (pl.: castra) was a military-related term.In Latin usage, the singular form castrum meant 'fort', while the plural form castra meant 'camp'. [2]
The military of ancient Rome was one of largest pre-modern professional standing armies that ever existed. At its height, protecting over 7,000 kilometers of border and consisting of over 400,000 legionaries and auxiliaries, the army was the most important institution in the Roman world. According to the Roman historian Livy, the military was a ...
Roman military borders and fortifications were part of a grand strategy of territorial defense in the Roman Empire, although this is a matter of debate.By the early 2nd century, the Roman Empire had reached the peak of its territorial expansion and rather than constantly expanding their borders as earlier in the Empire and Republic, the Romans solidified their position by fortifying their ...
Ships of ancient Rome. Ancient Rome had a variety of ships that played crucial roles in its military, trade, and transportation activities. [1] Rome was preceded in the use of the sea by other ancient, seafaring civilizations of the Mediterranean. The galley was a long, narrow, highly maneuverable ship powered by oarsmen, sometimes stacked in ...
The structural history of the Roman military concerns the major transformations in the organization and constitution of ancient Rome 's armed forces, "the most effective and long-lived military institution known to history." [1] At the highest level of structure, the forces were split into the Roman army and the Roman navy, although these two ...
Portus Julius (alternatively spelled in the Latin Iulius) was the first harbour specifically constructed to be a base for the Roman western naval fleet, the classis Misenensis. The port was located near Baiae and protected by the Misenum peninsula at the north-western end of the Gulf of Naples. Portus Julius was named in honour of Octavian 's ...
Late Antiquity bases included Mainz / Straubing, Speyer and Passau. [27] After the Battle of Mursa Major in 351 AD the naval port in Mainz was expanded and became a major base for the Rhine fleet. The naval base in Mainz was used mainly in the second half of the 3rd and the 4th century.