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Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) is life-threatening leukemia in which malignant megakaryoblasts proliferate abnormally and injure various tissues. Megakaryoblasts are the most immature precursor cells in a platelet-forming lineage; they mature to promegakaryocytes and, ultimately, megakaryocytes which cells shed membrane-enclosed particles, i.e. platelets, into the circulation.
Megakaryoblasts typically have a large oval-shaped nucleus or a nucleus that is lobed with many nuclei. [2] The megakaryoblast resembles the myeloblast or lymphoblast morphologically; however the megakaryoblast varies in phenotype and the structure viewed with electron microscopy.
Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia: A life-threatening leukemia in which malignant megakaryoblasts proliferate abnormally and injure various tissues. Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm : A rare hematologic malignancy which is a malignancy of plasmacytoid dendritic cells .
The disease is restricted to individuals with Down syndrome or genetic changes similar to those in Down syndrome, develops in a baby during pregnancy or shortly after birth, and resolves within 3 months or, in ~10% of cases, progresses to acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. Transient myeloid leukemia is a pre-leukemic condition.
Transient myeloproliferative disease develops and may be of concern in fetuses. Features in a review of 39 reported fetal cases include: reduced platelet production often accompanied by significantly reduced levels of circulating platelets; reduced red blood cell production sometimes accompanied by mild anemia; increased levels of circulating megakaryoblasts and white blood cells; grossly ...
CFU-GEMM gives rise to CFU-GM (leading to monoblasts and myeloblasts), CFU-Meg (leading to megakaryoblasts), and CFU-E (leading to proerythroblasts). The stem cell will follow a specific lineage depending on the presence of certain growth factors and cytokines. The GM-CSF and IL-3 both work together to stimulate production of all lines.
Acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMML) is a form of acute myeloid leukemia that involves a proliferation of CFU-GM myeloblasts and monoblasts. AMML occurs with a rapid increase amount in white blood cell count and is defined by more than 20% of myeloblast in the bone marrow.
Myelodysplastic–myeloproliferative diseases are a category of hematological malignancies which have characteristics of both myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative conditions.