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The California genocide was a series of genocidal massacres of the indigenous peoples of California by United States soldiers and settlers during the 19th century. It began following the American conquest of California in the Mexican–American War and the subsequent influx of American settlers to the region as a result of the California gold rush.
By 1849, due to epidemics, the number had decreased to 100,000. But from 1849 to 1870 the indigenous population of California had fallen to 35,000 because of killings and displacement. [107] At least 4,500 California Indians were killed between 1849 and 1870, while many more were weakened and perished due to disease and starvation.
There are more than 150 documented Missing and Murdered Indigenous Person cases in California, according to the Sovereign Bodies Institute.
It includes both massacres of native Indian populations, as well as other aspects of cultural genocide as defined by the United Nations. [2] [3] [4] Long Walk of the Navajo: the 1864 deportation and ethnic cleansing of the Navajo people by the United States federal government. Native American genocide in the United States. California genocide
It is part of the wider California genocide. A number of the Pomo, an indigenous people of California, had been enslaved by two settlers, Andrew Kelsey and Charles Stone, and confined to one village, where they were starved and abused until they rebelled and murdered their captors. In response, the U.S. Cavalry killed at least 60 of the local Pomo.
According to a survey conducted between 2016 and 2018, "36% of Americans almost certainly believe that the United States is guilty of committing genocide against Native Americans." [42] Indigenous author Michelle A. Stanley writes that "Indigenous genocide is largely denied, erased, relegated to the distant past, or presented as inevitable".
California is stripping the word “squaw” – a derogatory term for Indigenous women – from dozens of place names across 15 counties, state agencies recently announced.
Frémont and his band continued up the Sacramento River, killing Native Americans on sight as they went. [16] [17] The Klamath people they encountered further north in Oregon Territory eventually retaliated and killed three members of Frémont's party on the night of 9 May 1846, leading to the Klamath Lake massacre three days later.