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Unintended pregnancies are pregnancies that are mistimed or unwanted at the time of conception, [1] also known as unplanned pregnancies. [2] [3]Sexual activity without the use of effective contraception through choice or coercion is the predominant cause of unintended pregnancy.
Teen pregnancy cost the US over $9.1 billion in 2004, including $1.9 billion for health care, $2.3 billion for child welfare, $2.1 billion for incarceration, and $2.9 billion in lower tax revenue. [100] There is little evidence to support the common belief that teenage mothers become pregnant to get benefits, welfare, and council housing.
Adolescent health creates a major global burden and has a great deal of additional and diverse complications compared to adult reproductive health such as early pregnancy and parenting issues, difficulties accessing contraception and safe abortions, lack of healthcare access, and high rates of HIV, sexually transmitted infections and mental health issues.
[2] [3] Negative outcomes include poor mental health, unintended pregnancy, unwanted abortion, and sexually transmitted diseases. [5] Unwanted pregnancy has negative effects on families and children. [ 9 ]
A report by the American Psychological Association concluded that a woman's first abortion is not a threat to mental health when carried out in the first trimester, with such women no more likely to have mental-health problems than those carrying an unwanted pregnancy to term; the mental-health outcome of a woman's second or greater abortion is ...
The review, conducted by the National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health and funded by the U.K. Department of Health, concluded that while unwanted pregnancy may increase the risk of mental-health problems, women faced with unwanted pregnancies have similar rates of mental-health problems whether they choose to carry the pregnancy to term ...
Additional risk factors include lack of social support, marital dissatisfaction, discriminatory work environments, history of domestic abuse, and unplanned or unwanted pregnancy. [18] Studies have determined that there may be a connection between antenatal and postpartum depression in women with lower vitamin D levels. [19]
The selective abortion of female fetuses is most common in areas where cultural norms value male children over female children for a variety of social and economic reasons. [1] A son is often preferred as an "asset" since he can earn and support the family; a daughter is a "liability" since she will be married off to another family, and so will ...