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ZMC complex fractures involve the lateral vertical buttress of the ZMC complex (lateral maxillary sinus and lateral orbital wall) and the upper transverse buttress (inferior orbital rim and floor, also including the zygomatic arch). Three of its four components are directly related to connections between the zygoma and the face.
In the human skull, the zygomatic bone (from Ancient Greek: ζῠγόν, romanized: zugón, lit. 'yoke'), also called cheekbone or malar bone , is a paired irregular bone , situated at the upper and lateral part of the face and forming part of the lateral wall and floor of the orbit , of the temporal fossa and the infratemporal fossa .
The zygomatic process forms an "L" in this picture. As a comparison, this is how the skull looks with almost all of the zygomatic process removed. The zygomatic processes (aka. malar) are three processes (protrusions) from other bones of the skull which each articulate with the zygomatic bone. The three processes are: [1]
The facial skeleton comprises the facial bones that may attach to build a portion of the skull. [1] The remainder of the skull is the neurocranium.. In human anatomy and development, the facial skeleton is sometimes called the membranous viscerocranium, which comprises the mandible and dermatocranial elements that are not part of the braincase.
The middle third of the face, or the midface, is the anatomical location in which Le Fort fractures occur. It comprises the maxillary bone, palatine bones, zygomas, zygomatic processes (of the temporal bone), ethmoid bone, vomer, nasal concha, nasal bones, and pterygoid processes (of the sphenoid bone). [2] [3] [4]
The term zygoma generally refers to the zygomatic bone, a bone of the human skull that is commonly referred to as the cheekbone or malar bone, but it may also refer to: . The zygomatic arch, a structure in the human skull formed primarily by parts of the zygomatic bone and the temporal bone
When zygoma fractures occur, the most typical symptoms are paresthesias in the upper lip, nose, cheek, and lower eyelid, diplopia, and pain.Particular physical characteristics that support zygomatic fracture include globe injury, impaired ocular motility, globe malposition, orbital emphysema, trismus, palpable stepoffs at the inferior or upper lateral edge of the orbit, reduced feeling ...
The bony orbital anatomy is composed of 7 bones: the maxillary, zygomatic, frontal, lacrimal, sphenoid, palatine, and ethmoidal. [14] The floor of the orbit is the roof of the maxillary sinus. [15] The medial wall of the orbit is the lateral wall of the ethmoid sinus. The medial wall is also known as the lamina papyrcea which means "paper layer."