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Oseltamivir, sold under the brand name Tamiflu among others, is an antiviral medication used to treat and prevent influenza A and influenza B, viruses that cause the flu. [5] Many medical organizations recommend it in people who have complications or are at high risk of complications within 48 hours of first symptoms of infection. [ 6 ]
For a person who has very recently been exposed to seasonal influenza, effective post-exposure prophylaxis generally requires taking a drug like oseltamivir for seven to ten days, at half the daily dose needed for treatment. A person that is repeatedly exposed, such as hospital staff members, may require continuous treatment throughout the ...
Influenza Nelfinavir: HIV Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) COVID-19: Pfizer: 3C-like protease inhibitor (Nirmatrelvir) / inhibition of metabolism of nirmatrelvir (ritonavir) Nevirapine: HIV non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor: Nitazoxanide: Broad-spectrum antiviral: thiazolide Norvir: HIV Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) [13] Influenza ...
However, a clinical trial in 2008 found that oral dosing of elderly patients with interferon-alpha actually reduced their immune response to an influenza vaccine. [ 11 ] Viferon is a suppository of (non- pegylated [ 12 ] ) interferon alpha -2b, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), and tocopherol (vitamin E) which was reported in two small studies to be ...
Influenza A virus and influenza B virus circulate in humans and cause seasonal epidemics, and influenza C virus causes a mild infection, primarily in children. Influenza D virus can infect humans but is not known to cause illness. In humans, influenza viruses are primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets from coughing and sneezing.
Oseltamivir is the most commonly sought drug, since it is available in pill form. Zanamivir is also considered for use, but it must be inhaled. Other anti-viral drugs are less likely to be effective against pandemic influenza. Both Tamiflu and Relenza are in short supply, and production capabilities are limited in the medium term.
The following is a list of WHO recommended strains for the Northern Hemisphere influenza season. Starting in the 2012–2013 season, the recommendation shifted to include the composition of a quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) that contains both influenza B lineages, alongside a trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) containing one influenza B lineage.
Transmission-based precautions are infection-control precautions in health care, in addition to the so-called "standard precautions". They are the latest routine infection prevention and control practices applied for patients who are known or suspected to be infected or colonized with infectious agents, including certain epidemiologically important pathogens, which require additional control ...